Page 426 - HIVMED_v21_i1.indb
P. 426

Page 7 of 8  Original Research


              from paediatric to adult HIV programmes – are needed to   9.  Nglazi  MD,  Kranzer  K,  Holele  P,  et  al.  Treatment  outcomes  in  HIV-infected
              counter older adolescents dropping out of care. Female   adolescents attending a community-based antiretroviral therapy clinic in South
                                                                      Africa. BMC Infect Dis. 2012;12:21. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-12-21
              adolescents who initiate ART whilst pregnant should receive   10. Nachega  JB,  Hislop  M,  Nguyen  H,  Dowdy  DW,  Chaisson  RE,  Regensberg  L.
              special attention. This aligns with the increased need to   Antiretroviral  therapy  adherence,  virologic  and  immunological  outcomes  in
                                                                      adolescents  compared  with  adults  in  southern  Africa.  J  Acquir  Immune  Defic
              provide and integrate appropriate sexual reproductive health   Syndr. 2009;51(1):65–71. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e318199072e
              services to  ALWH. Behavioural interventions to improve   11. Kariminia A, Law M, Davies M, et al. Mortality and losses to follow-up among
                                                                      adolescents  living  with  HIV  in  the  IeDEA  global  cohort  collaboration.  JIAS.
              adherence and RiC should ideally be embedded in         2018;21:e25215. https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.25215
              community health services so that this forms part of an   12. Western  Cape  Government  Health.  2016.  The  Western  Cape  consolidated
                                                                      guidelines  for  HIV  treatment:  Prevention  of  mother-to-child  transmission  of
              ‘extended’ HIV treatment package.                       HIV  (PMTCT),  children,  adolescents  and  adults.  Western  Cape:  Western  Cape
                                                                      Government Health.
              Acknowledgements                                      13. Western Cape Government Health: HAST. June 2017 ART data sign-off document.
                                                                      Western Cape: Western Cape Government Health; 2017.
              Competing interests                                   14. Osler M, Hilderbrand K, Hennessey C, et al. A three-tier framework for monitoring
                                                                      antiretroviral therapy in high HIV burden settings. JIAS. 2014;17:18908. https://
                                                                      doi.org/10.7448/IAS.17.1.18908
              The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.  15. Lilian RR, Rees K, McIntyre JA, Struthers HE, Peters RPH. Same-day antiretroviral
                                                                      therapy  initiation  for  HIV-infected  adults  in  South  Africa:  Analysis  of  routine
                                                                      data.  PLoS  One.  2020;15(1):e0227572.  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.
              Authors’ contributions                                  0227572
                                                                    16. Western Cape Government Health. Update to antiretroviral guidelines: Circular
              E.K. conducted the research under the supervision of B.v.W.,   H116 of 2012 [homepage on the Internet]. 2012 [cited 2017 Oct 06]. Available
                                                                      from: http://www.doh.gov.za.
              and F.M. and B.v.W. drafted the first manuscript. E.K. and   17. Nabukeera-Barungi N, Elyanu P, Asire B, et al. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy
              F.M. commented on all drafts. All authors approved the final   and retention in care for adolescents living with HIV from 10 districts in Uganda.
              version.                                                BMC Infect Dis. 2015;15:520. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-1265-5
                                                                    18. Zanoni BC, Archary M, Buchan S, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the
                                                                      adolescent HIV continuum of care in South Africa: The Cresting Wave. BMJ Global
                                                                      Health. 2016;1:e000004. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2015-000004
              Funding information                                   19. Adejumo OA, Malee KM, Ryscavage P, Hunter SJ, Taiwo BO. Contemporary issues
                                                                      on the epidemiology and antiretroviral adherence of HIV-infected adolescents in
              This project was supported under a Medical Research     sub-Saharan Africa: A narrative review. J Int AIDS Soc. 2015;18(1):20049. https://
              Council of South Africa Self-Initiated Research grant.  doi.org/10.7448/IAS.18.1.20049
                                                                    20. Matyanga CMJ, Takarinda KC, Owiti P, et al. Outcomes of antiretroviral therapy
                                                                      among  younger  versus  older  adolescents  and  adults  in  an  urban  clinic,
              Data availability statement                             Zimbabwe.  Public  Health  Action.  2016;6(2):97–104.  https://doi.org/10.5588/
                                                                      pha.15.0077
                                                                    21. Kranzer  K,  Bradley  J,  Musaazi  J,  et  al.  Loss  to  follow-up  among  children  and
              Data are available upon request to the author.          adolescents growing up with HIV infection: Age really matters. J Int AIDS Soc.
                                                                      2017;20(1):21737. https://doi.org/10.7448/IAS.20.1.21737
              Disclaimer                                            22. Okoboi S, Ssali L, Yansaneh A, et al. Factors associated with long-term antiretroviral
                                                                      therapy attrition among adolescents in rural Uganda: A retrospective study. J Int
                                                                      AIDS Soc. 2016;19(554):20841. https://doi.org/10.7448/IAS.19.5.20841
              The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of   23. Dahourou DL, Gautier-Lafaye C, Teasdale CA, et al. Transition from paediatric to
              the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or   adult care of adolescents living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges, youth-
                                                                      friendly models, and outcomes. J Int AIDS Soc. 2017;20(Suppl. 3):21528. https://
              position of the South African Medical Research Council or   doi.org/10.7448/IAS.20.4.21528
              University of the Western Cape.                       24. Cervia  JS.  Easing  the  transition  of  HIV  infected  adolescents  to  adult  care.
                                                                      AIDS  Patient  Care  STDS.  2013;27(12):692–696.  https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.
                                                                      2013.0253
              References                                            25. Pinzón-Iregui  MC,  Ibanez  G,  Beck-Sagué  C,  Halpern  M,  Mendoza  RM.  ‘…  like
                                                                      because you are grownup, you do not need help’: Experiences of transition from
                                                                      pediatric to adult care among youth with perinatal HIV infection, their caregivers,
              1.  UNICEF.  Turning  the  tide  against  AIDS  will  require  more  concentrated  focus  on   and health care providers in the Dominican Republic. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care.
                adolescents and young people [homepage on the Internet]. 2019 [cited 2019 Oct 21].   2017;16(6):579–587. https://doi.org/10.1177/2325957417729749
                Available from: https://data.unicef.org/topic/hivaids/adolescents-young-people/
                                                                    26. Vijayan  T,  Benin  AL,  Wagner  K,  et  al.  We  never  thought  this  would  happen:
              2.  Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). Data [homepage on the   Transitioning  care  of  adolescents  with  perinatally  acquired  HIV  infection  from
                Internet].  2018  [cited  2019  Oct  21].  Available  from:  https://www.unaids.org/  paediatrics to internal medicine. AIDS Care. 2009;21(10):1222–1229. https://doi.
                sites/default/files/media_asset/unaids-data-2018_en.pdf  org/10.1080/09540120902730054
              3.  South African National HIV prevalence, incidence, behaviour and communication   27. Jones C, Ritchwood TD, Taggart T. Barriers and facilitators to the successful
                survey [homepage on the Internet]. 2017 [cited 2019 Dec 03]. Available from:   transition  of  adolescents  living  with  HIV  from  pediatric  to  adult  care  in
                http://www.hsrc.ac.za/uploads/pageContent/9234/SABSSMV_Impact_  low  and  middle-income  countries:  A  systematic  review  and  policy
                Assessment_Summary_ZA_ADS_cleared_PDFA4.pdf           analysis.  AIDS  Behav.  2019;23(9):2498–2513.  https://doi.org/10.1007/
              4.  Maskew  M,  Bor  J,  MacLeod  W,  Carmona  S,  Sherman  GG,  Fox  MP.  Adolescent   s10461-019-02621-6
                HHIV treatment in South Africa’s national HIV programme: A retrospective cohort   28. Kung  TH,  Wallace  ML,  Snyder  KL,  et  al.  South  African  healthcare  provider
                study.  Lancet  HIV.  2019;6(11):e760–e768.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-  perspectives  on  transitioning  adolescents  into  adult  HIV  care.  SAMJ.
                3018(19)30234-6                                       2016;106(8):804–808. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2016.v106i8.10496
              5.  UNICEF. Children and AIDS [homepage on the Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Aug 18].   29. Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha  H,  Kiragga  AN,  Yiannoutsos  CT,  et  al.  Adolescent
                Available  from:  https://data.unicef.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/HIVAIDS-  pregnancy at antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation: A critical barrier to retention
                Statistical-Update-2017.pdf                           on ART. J Int AIDS Soc. 2018;21:e25178. https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.25178
              6.  UNAIDS. 90-90-90: An ambitious treatment target to help end the AIDS epidemic   30. Knettel BA, Cichowitz C, Ngocho JS, et al. Retention in HIV care during pregnancy
                [homepage on the Internet]. UNAIDS; 2014 [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from:   and the postpartum period in the option B+ era: A systematic review and meta-
                http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/90-90-90_en.pdf  analysis of studies in Africa. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2018;77(5):427–438.
              7.  Mugglin C, Haas AD, Van Oosterhout JJ, et al. Long-term retention on antiretroviral   https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.000000000001616
                therapy among infants, children, adolescents and adults in Malawi-term retention   31. Ssali L, Kalibala S, Birungi J, et al. Retention of adolescents living with HIV in care,
                on  antiretroviral  therapy  among  infants,  children,  adolescents  and  adults  in   treatment,  and  support  programs  in  Uganda.  2014;  Washington,  DC:  United
                Malawi: A cohort study. PLoS One. 2019;14(11):e0224837. https://doi.org/10.1371/   States  Agency  for  International  Development.  Available  from:  https://www.
                journal.pone.0224837                                  popcouncil.org/uploads/pdfs/2014HIVCore_UgandaAdolHAART.pdf.
              8.  Wong VJ, Murray KR, Phelps BR, Vermund SH, McCarraher DR. Adolescents, young   32. Ridgeway  K,  Dulli  LS,  Murray  KR,  et  al.  Interventions  to  improve  antiretroviral
                people,  and  the  90-90-90  goals:  A  call  to  improve  HIV  testing  and  linkage  to   therapy  adherence  among  adolescents  in  low-  and  middle-income  countries:
                treatment.  AIDS.  2019;31(Suppl.  3):S191–S194.  https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.   A systematic review of the literature. PLoS One. 2018;13(1):e0189770. https://
                0000000000001539                                      doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189770
                                           http://www.sajhivmed.org.za 418  Open Access
   421   422   423   424   425   426   427   428   429   430   431