Page 353 - HIVMED_v21_i1.indb
P. 353
Page 7 of 7 Original Research
2. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). On the fast-track to an 20. National Department of Health, South Africa; South African National AIDS Council.
AIDS-free generation. The incredible journey of the global plan towards the Clinical guidelines: PMTCT (prevention of mother-to-child transmission), 2010
elimination of new HIV infections among children by 2015 and keeping their [homepage on the Internet]. Pretoria: South African National Department of
mothers alive. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2016. Health; 2010 [cited 2018 Oct]. Available from: http://www.sahivsoc.org/upload/
3. Burton R, Giddy J, Stinson K. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission in South documents/NDOH_PMTCT.pdf
Africa: An ever-changing landscape. Obstet Med. 2015;8(1):5–12. https://doi. 21. National antiretroviral treatment guidelines [homepage on the Internet]. Pretoria:
org/10.1177/1753495X15570994 Department of Health; 2004 [cited 2018 Oct]. Available from: http://www.doh.
gov.za/docs/facts/2004/intro.pdf
4. Bhardwaj S, Barron P, Pillay Y, et al. Elimination of mother-to-child transmission of
HIV in South Africa: Rapid scale-up using quality improvement. S Afr Med J. 22. Colvin CJ, Fairall L, Lewin S, et al. Expanding access to ART in South Africa: The role
2014;104(3):239–243. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.7605 of nurse-initiated treatment. S Afr Med J. 2010;100(4):210–212. https://doi.
5. Millennium Development Goals 5: Improve maternal health [homepage on the org/10.7196/SAMJ.4124
Internet]. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa; 2015 [cited 2017 Jun]. Available from: 23. Revised antiretroviral treatment guideline update for frontline clinical health
http://www.statssa.gov.za/MDG/MDG_Goal5_report_2015_.pdf professionals [homepage on the Internet]. Pretoria: South African National
Department of Health; 2013 [cited 2018 Oct]. Available from: http://www.
6. Goga AE, Dinh TH, Jackson DJ, et al. South Africa PMTCT Evaluation (SAPMCTE) sahivsoc.org/upload/documents/FDC%20Training%20Manual%2014%20
Team. Population-level effectiveness of PMTCT option A on early mother-to- March%202013(1).pdf
child (MTCT) transmission of HIV in South Africa: Implications for eliminating
MTCT. J Glob Health. 2016;6(2):020405. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.06. 24. National Consolidated Guidelines for the prevention of mother-to-child
020405 transmission of HIV (PMTCT) and the management of HIV in children, adolescents
7. Johnson, K. The politics of AIDS policy development and implementation in post- and adults [homepage on the Internet]. Pretoria: South African National
Department of Health; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct]. Available from: http://www.
apartheid South Africa. Africa Today. 2004;51(2):107–128. https://doi.org/ sahivsoc.org/upload/documents/HIV%20guidelines%20_Jan%202015.pdf
10.1353/at.2005.0007
25. Townsend CL, Byrne L, Cortina-Borja M, et al. Earlier initiation of ART and further
8. Katz IT, Bassett IV, Wright AA. PEPFAR in transition – Implications for HIV Care in decline in mother-to-child HIV transmission rates, 2000–2011. AIDS.
South Africa. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(15):1385–1387. https://doi.org/10.1056/ 2014;28:1049–1057. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000000212
NEJMp1310982
26. Killam WP, Bushimbwa TC, Namwinga C, et al. Antiretroviral therapy in antenatal
9. Simelela NP, Venter WD. A brief history of South Africa’s response to AIDS. S Afr care to increase treatment initiation in HIV-infected pregnant women: A stepped-
Med J. 2014;104(3):249–251. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.7700 wedge evaluation. AIDS. 2010;24(1):85–91. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013
10. Kavanagh MM. The politics and epidemiology of transition: PEPFAR and AIDS in e32833298be
South Africa. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014;65(3):247–250. https://doi. 27. Stinson K, Jennings K, Myer L. Integration of antiretroviral therapy services into
org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000000093 antenatal care increases treatment initiation during pregnancy: A cohort study.
11. Strauss M, Surgey G, Cohen S, for the South African National AIDS Council. A review PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e63328. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063328
of the South African Comprehensive HIV and AIDS Grant [homepage on the 28. Luzuriaga K, Mofenson LM. Challenges in the elimination of paediatric HIV-1
Internet]. 2015 [cited 2017 Jun]. Available from: http://sanac.org.za/wp-content/ infection. N Engl J Med. 2016;374:761–770. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1505256
uploads/2015/11/A-review-of-the-South-African-Conditional-Grant-for-HIV-30Mar-
vMS.pdf 29. Woldesenbet SA, Kufa T, Lombard C, et al. The 2017 National Antenatal Sentinel HIV
Survey, South Africa. National Department of Health [homepage on the Internet].
12. PEPFAR investing more than $410 Million towards an AIDS-Free generation in 2019 [cited 2019 Jul]. Available from: http://www.nicd.ac.za/wp-content/
South Africa [homepage on the Internet]. Media Advisory. 2016 [cited 2017 Jun]. uploads/2019/07/Antenatal_survey-report_24July19.pdf
Available from: https://za.usembassy.gov/pepfar-investing-410-million-towards-
aids-free-generation-south-africa/ 30. Wettstein C, Mugglin C, Egger M, et al. Missed opportunities to prevent mother-
to-child-transmission: Systematic review and meta-analysis. AIDS. 2012;26
13. Population of cities in South Africa [homepage on the Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 (18):2361–2373. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e328359ab0c
Oct]. Available from: http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/south-africa-
population/cities/ 31. Technau KG, Kalk E, Coovadia A, et al. Timing of maternal HIV testing and uptake
of prevention of mother-to-child transmission interventions among women and
14. At the cutting edge of HIV/AIDS research: A review of the Perinatal HIV Research their infected infants in Johannesburg, South Africa. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr.
Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, 1996–2005 [homepage on the Internet]. 2014;65(5):e170–e178. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.00 00000000000068
[cited 2018 Oct]. Available from: https://www.phru.co.za/images/documents/
phru_overview.pdf 32. Kim MH, Ahmed S, Hosseinipour MC, et al. The impact of Option B+ on the
antenatal PMTCT cascade in Lilongwe, Malawi. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr.
15. Gray GE, Urban M, Chersich MF, et al. A randomized trial of two postexposure 2015;68:e77–e83. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000000517
prophylaxis regimens to reduce mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission in infants of
untreated mothers. AIDS. 2005;19(12):1289–1297. https://doi.org/10.1097/01. 33. Herce ME, Mtande T, Chimbwandira F, et al. Supporting option B+ scale up and
aids.0000180100.42770.a7 strengthening the prevention of mother-to-child transmission cascade in central
Malawi: Results from a serial cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis. 2015;15:328.
16. Moodley D, Moodley J, Coovadia H, et al. A multicentre randomized controlled https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-1065-y
trial of nevirapine versus a combination of zidovudine and lamivudine to reduce
intrapartum and early postpartum mother-to-child transmission of human 34. Massyn N, Peer N, English R, Padarath A, Barron P, Day C, editors. District health
immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Infect Dis. 2003;187(5):725–735. https://doi. barometer 2015/16. Durban: Health Systems Trust; 2016.
org/10.1086/367898 35. Barron P, Pillay Y, Doherty T, et al. Eliminating mother-to-child HIV transmission in
17. Petra Study Team. Efficacy of three short-course regimens of zidovudine and South Africa. Bull World Health Organ. 2013;91(1):70–74. https://doi.org/10.2471/
BLT.12.106807
lamivudine in preventing early and late transmission of HIV-1 from mother to
child in Tanzania, South Africa, and Uganda (Petra study): A randomised, double- 36. Nicol E, Dudley L, Bradshaw D. Assessing the quality of routine data for the
blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2002;359(9313):1178–1186. https://doi. prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: An analytical observational
org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08214-4 study in two health districts with high HIV prevalence in South Africa. Int J Med
18. Doherty T, Besser M, Donohue S, et al. An evaluation of the prevention of mother- Inform. 2016;95:60–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2016.09.006
to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV initiative in South Africa – Lessons and key 37. Sherman GG, Mazanderani AH, Barron P, et al. Toward elimination of mother-to-
recommendations [homepage on the Internet]. Durban: Health Systems Trust: 2003 child transmission of HIV in South Africa: How best to monitor early infant
[cited 2018 Oct]. Available from: http://www.hst.org.za/sites/default/files/pmtct_ infections within the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission Program. J Glob
national.pdf Health. 2017;7(1):010701. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.07.010701
19. National Department of Health. Policy and guidelines for the implementation of 38. Evans C, Jones CE, Prendergast AJ. HIV-exposed, uninfected infants: New global
the PMTCT Programme. Pretoria: South African National Department of Health; challenges in the era of paediatric HIV elimination. Lancet Infect Dis.
2008. 2016;16(6):e92–e107. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(16)00055-4
http://www.sajhivmed.org.za 345 Open Access