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TABLE 1: Baseline characteristics of men who were uninfected by the human immunodeficiency virus who underwent voluntary medical male circumcision, by availability
of sexual function data at 3-months after voluntary medical male circumcision.
Characteristic N (%) of Median (IQR) p*, ‡
Overall Sexual function data available
n = 519 at 3-month post-VMMC
Not available Available
n = 141 n = 378
n % n % n %
Age category (years) (N = 519) 0.271
18–24 167 32.2 53 37.6 114 30.1
25–29 175 33.7 50 35.5 125 33.1
30–34 99 19.1 22 15.6 77 20.4
35–40 54 10.4 12 8.5 42 11.1
40–49 24 4.6 4 2.8 20 5.3
Education level (N = 492) 0.005*
Primary or less 17 3.5 7 5.4 10 2.8
Secondary 195 39.6 37 28.2 158 43.8
Higher than secondary 280 56.9 87 66.4 193 53.4
Current relationship status (N = 509) 0.990
Single, never married 94 18.5 25 17.7 69 18.8
Married or living together 140 27.5 39 27.7 101 27.4
Dating, not living together 272 53.4 76 53.9 196 53.3
Separated, divorced or widowed 3 0.6 1 0.7 2 0.5
Employed (N = 509) 0.450
No 150 29.5 45 31.9 105 28.5
Yes 359 70.5 96 68.1 263 71.5
Electricity in household (N = 509) 0.890
No 74 14.5 20 14.2 54 14.7
Yes 435 85.5 121 85.8 314 85.3
Drinks alcohol (N = 509) 0.750
No 197 38.7 53 37.6 144 39.1
Yes 312 61.3 88 62.4 224 60.9
Has ≥ 6 drinks at least four times a month (N = 508) 0.550
No 319 62.8 85 60.7 234 63.6
Yes 189 37.2 55 39.3 134 36.4
Age at sexual debut, years (N = 502) 19.0 17.0–20.0 19.0 17.0–20.0 19.0 17.0–21.0 0.310
No. of sex partners (last month) (N = 461) 0.170
None 153 33.2 38 30.2 115 34.3
1 partner 217 47.1 56 44.4 161 48.1
2+ partners 91 19.7 32 25.4 59 17.6
No. of lifetime sex partners (N = 470) 0.950
1 partner 52 11.1 16 12.2 36 10.6
2–4 partners 168 35.7 45 34.4 123 36.3
5–10 partners 151 32.1 43 32.8 108 31.9
10+ partners 99 21.1 27 20.6 72 21.2
Most recent sexual partner type (N = 459) 0.430
Casual 49 10.7 16 12.5 33 10.0
Regular 410 89.3 112 87.5 298 90.0
Always uses condom with regular partner (N = 299) 0.900
No 158 52.8 47 53.4 111 52.6
Yes 141 47.2 41 46.6 100 47.4
Always uses condom with casual partner (N = 199) 0.870
No 57 28.6 17 27.9 40 29.0
Yes 142 71.4 44 72.1 98 71.0
History of buying sex (last year) (N = 468) 0.690
No 435 93.0 118 92.2 317 93.2
Yes 33 7.0 10 7.8 23 6.8
Primary reason for VMMC (N = 509) 0.220
Non-HIV reason 270 53.0 81 57.4 189 51.4
HIV prevention 239 47.0 60 42.6 179 48.6
VMMC, voluntary medical male circumcision; IQR, interquartile range; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.
‡, Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous measures and Chi-square test for proportions were used to detect differences in baseline characteristics between men with and without data available on
sexual function at 3-month post-VMMC.
*, p < 0.05.

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