Page 128 - SAHCS HIVMed Journal Vol 20 No 1 2019

Page 4 of 9 Original Research

TABLE 1: Background demographic characteristics of participants who had at Among those with no schooling, 79% (44/56) did not use
least one sexual encounter in the past 12 months of the survey in the South
African 16–55-year-old population, 2012. condoms at last sex. Non-condom use at last sex was common
Characteristics n = 6061 % among those who had education up to Grade 11 (43%;
Sex 1355/3158). The prevalence of nCU among people with a
Women 3594 59.0 high socio-economic status was 54% (1134/2097) and those
Men 2467 40.0 with a low socio-economic status were 52% (852/1610). Of
Age the people who reported not using condoms at last sex,
16–24 1799 30.0 married participants had the highest prevalence of nCU at
25–49 3894 64.0
50–55 368 6.0 last sex (35%; 1102/3158), followed by single (22%; 700/3158)
Race and not married or living together but in a steady relationship
Black people 5029 82.0 (21%; 648/3158).
Mixed race 824 14.4
White people 102 1.8 Univariate analysis – Predictors of
Indian people or Asian people 2 1.7 multiple sexual partnership
Settlement
Urban formal 2374 39.0 The odds of reporting MSP were two times higher among
Urban informal 2158 35.6 those engaging in intergenerational sex than those having
Peri-urban 659 10.87
Tribal settlement 712 11.75 sex with people in the same generation (OR 2.10, 95% CI:
Farming 158 2.61 1.79–2.46, p < 0.001). Participants who had consumed alcohol
Socio-economic status before sex were 1.3 times more likely to report MSP than
High 2107 34.7 those who did not consume alcohol before sex (OR 1.33, 95%
Medium 2335 38.5 CI: 1.06–1.67, p < 0.02). People who engaged in transactional
Low 1619 26.7 sex were almost six times more likely to have MSP in the past
Marital status 12 months than those who did not engage in transactional sex
Single 1884 31.0
Not married, serious relationship 1516 25.0 (OR 5.97, 95% CI: 4.89–7.29, p < 0.001). People who lived in
Not married, living with partner 797 13.1 Free State province were nearly four times more likely to
Married living with spouse 1425 23.5 report MSP (OR 3.73, 95% CI: 2.67–5.21, p < 0.001) than people
living in WC province. Those living in GP were two times
Demographic characteristics of more likely to report engaging in MSP (OR 2.35, 95% CI: 1.74–
3.09, p < 0.001) than people living in WC province. Students
respondents who reported multiple were almost 1.5 times likely to report having engaged in MSP
sexual partnership than unemployed participants (OR 1.47, 95% CI: 1.13–1.89,
p < 0.005).
A total of 13% (744/6061; 95% CI: 11.47–13.12) of the sexually
active population aged 16–55 years reported having had MSP Univariate analysis – Predictors of
in the past 12 months. The mean age was 28 years (s.d. 7.62),
with the majority (65%) being men (481/744). Table 3 shows non-condom use at last sex
that the majority (93%) were black people (696/744), 5% Employed participants were 1.17 times (OR 1.17, 95% CI:
(41/744) were mixed race and less than 1% (7/744) were 1.05–1.31, p < 0.005) more likely to report to have not used
white people or Indians. Almost half had medium socio- condoms at last sex than their unemployed counterparts.
economic status 45% (330/744). The highest percentage of People living in farming settlements were almost two times
people who engaged in MSP was recorded among single more likely to have not used a condom at last sex than those
respondents 41% (306/744) followed by those not married or living in urban formal (OR 1.91, 95% CI: 1.35–2.68, p < 0.001).
living together but in a steady relationship 33% (247/744). Drinking alcohol in the past month was significantly
associated with nCU at last sex (OR 1.27, 95% CI: 1.07–1.53,
Demographic characteristics of p < 0.001).
respondents who reported
non-condom use Multivariable analysis – Predictors

Out of the total number of sexually active respondents, more of multiple sexual partnership and
than half reported not using a condom at last sex 53% non-condom use
(3158/6039, 95% CI: 51.03–53.55, p < 0.05). Mean age was 33 The multivariable analysis showed that perceived benefits
years (s.d. 10.02). Of the people who did not use condoms at (aOR 2.16, 95% CI: 1.80–2.58, p < 0.001) and low perceived
last sex, 62% (1956/3158) were women. Twenty per cent of susceptibility (aOR 2.22, 95% CI: 1.83–2.69, p < 0.001) to
the people who reported nCU were from Gauteng province HIV infection were the two psychosocial and cognitive
(GP) (632/3158) followed by Western Cape (WC) 18% constructs that were significantly associated with MSP.
(568/3158) and KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) 17% (562/3158). Intergenerational sex (aOR 2.14, 95% CI: 1.78–2.56,

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